Ethical Theories and National Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Ethical Theories and National Security - Essay Example In act utilitarianism, opinions of function are involved straightforwardly and openly to every option of the state of affairs. Consequently, the operation of performance bringing the finest and excellent effect is regarded as correct. Opinions of function in rule utilitarianism are incorporated in the determination of resolutions of the strength and legitimacy or ethical behavior (White and Klein 33). Therefore, in rule utilitarianism, an action is regarded as correct and acceptable or erroneous in regard to whether ethical behavior was involved or not. Deontological theories are principled assumptions creating particular rules of behavior and position the significance of whether an action is correct or erroneous in accordance to the rule of law and ethical standards. Deontology theories are categorized in to monistic and pluralistic deontology. Monistic deontology was proposed by Kant and it stipulates that deeds of accomplishment in compliance or meeting the requirements of being c orrect and legitimate conducted logically and under good judgment are considered the embodiment of ethically admirable and commendable deeds. However, on a critical point of view, monistic opinions lack an approach or technique or determining solutions to a disagreement. Under monistic deontology, a common rule may congeal to become an unconditional rule. Pluralistic deontology was postulated by W. D. Ross and he asserted that certain manifestations disclose various obligations and responsibilities that lack the capacity for attachment. These obligations are generally embraced (Pera and Tonder 31). Examples of these obligations include the need not to hurt others, to assist others, and to be truthful. Ethical egoism is categorized into psychological egoism and ethical egoism. According to the psychological egoism, individual’s acts and deeds of accomplishment are abridged self-centeredness. This theory asserts that people behave in particular ways with the expectation of bene fitting from that behavior. On a critical point of view, this theory is evocative and suggestive; therefore, it is prone to being refuted. The assertions in psychological egoism are also considered wide-ranging, and they affirm a diminutive assertion towards individual deeds of accomplishment. Ethical egoism on the other hand elucidates the fact that individual deeds should be conducted on self-centeredness perspective (Shafer-Landau 194). On a critical point of view, people have varying interest and hence an individual performing his deeds in accordance to his interest may not necessarily do so in consideration of other people. Ethical egoism and utilitarianism have some similarities in that in both deeds are done in accomplishing what is preeminent to an individual. Ethical theory to live by It is of significance for an individual to be governed by the assertions of a particular ethical theory. The most favorable theory to live by is psychological egoism. Psychological egoism posi ts that an individual is motivated to act or behave in a particular manner as a result of individual believes that that particular behavior or action will bear fruits. It shows that people act according to their individual interests. We live in a competitive and harsh world. People in the modern world have been faced with difficult financial situations. Therefore, to survive necessitates that one should first according to his needs and be optimistic his/her actions

Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 6

Analysis - Essay Example The stories tell about a group of soldiers engaged in wartime activities. Most of them are there since they have been compelled to do so. The narrator himself feels that the war is not worth sacrificing his life for. Although the book is filled with stories of the Vietnam War, but it is not a war story. It does not tell about the battles fought or the causes behind them. It is about search of answers by man about the logic behind wars and making sense of the brutality that one sees during war. The Vietnam War shattered the idea of American culture because of the enormity of evil celebrated during the entire period of war. The war and its consequences changed a soldier’s philosophy of life. The author states that a war story can never give a message on morality because of the grave sins that are committed by the soldiers in the battlefield – â€Å"A true war story is never moral. It does not instruct, nor encourage virtue, nor suggest models of proper human behavior, nor restrain men from doing the things men have always done† (O’ Brien, 65). A war can never be a solution to anything and can never be moral and nor can the incidents related to a war be justified. The only thing that a war is capable of doing is cultivating hatred in the hearts that were innocent before joining the war. This emphasizes upon the uselessness of a war as long as a nation’s dreams are concerned. The dreams, which could have blossomed amongst the young people of a nation, finally end in facing the harsh truth of a war and fighting for a cause which could never be moral. In the chapter Good Form, he drew the line between â€Å"happening-truth† and â€Å"story-truth†. He recounted a soldier he once killed near the village of My Khe. In this context the author portrays the real image of the war he witnessed. The author illustrates the frightful sight of a man he killed in the war. In his